1.4.9 bridgewall temperature: The flue gas tempera- ture leaving the radiant section. 1.4.8 bridgewall, division or gravity wall: A wall sep- arating two adjacent heater zones. 1.4.7 breeching: The heater section where flue gases are collected after the last convection coil for transmission to the stack or the outlet ductwork. 1.4.6 balanced draft heater: Uses induced draft fan to remove the flue gas and a forced draft fan to supply combus- tion air. A regenerative air preheater uses heated rotating elements and a recuperative design uses stationary tubes, plates, or cast iron elements to separate the two heating media.ġ.4.5 backup layer: Any refractory layer behind the hot face layer. 1.4.1.1 direct air preheater: An exchanger which trans- fers heat directly between the flue gas and the combustion air. 1.4 DEFINITION OF TERMS 1.4.1 air heater or air preheater: A heat transfer appa- ratus through which combustion air is passed and heated by a medium of higher temperature, such as the products of com- bustion, steam, or other fluid. 1.3.2 In the absence of a specified order of precedence, the vendor shall obtain written approval from the purchaser before proceeding with the work. 1.3 CONFLICTING REQUIREMENTS 1.3.1 In case of conflict between this standard and the pur- chase documents, the inquiry or order shall govern. Any variance with this standard or the purchaser’s specification shall be clearly indicated in the proposal. 1.2 ALTERNATIVE DESIGNS The vendor may offer alternative designs in addition to the base design when permitted by the inquiry. Decisions should be indicated on the checklist (see Appendix B).

These decisions should be indicated on the data sheets (see Appendix A) or stated in the inquiry or purchase order. ) at the beginning of a paragraph indicates that a decision by the purchaser is required.1.1.2 A fired heater is an exchanger that transfers heat from the combustion of fuel to fluids contained in tubular coils within an internally insulated enclosure. API STD 560-2001 pdf download.Fired Heaters for General Refinery Service.ġ.1 SCOPE 1.1.1 This standard covers the minimum requirements for the design, materials, fabrication, inspection, testing, prepara- tion for shipment, and erection of fired heaters, air preheaters, fans and burners for general refinery service.

Api 560 Standard Pdf